The science of the mind applied to teaching by Hoffman Urias John 1855-

Author:Hoffman, Urias John, 1855- [from old catalog]
Language: eng
Format: epub, pdf
Tags: Phrenology, Teaching
Publisher: New York, Fowler & Wells company
Published: 1885-03-25T05:00:00+00:00

mathematical reasoning- quantity, is the object of thought. But if he be deficient in Causality he will be but an indifferent reasoner m questions that embrace cause and effect. The inventor and the philosopher must have a large degree of Causality with the other intellectual faculties.

In the application of means to secure an end, the reasoning deals with cause and effect, and is just the same as it is in a syllogism. In the last syllogism given we have the reasoning which gave the idea of the telephone ; but before the human voice could be transmitted through the wire, certain means had to be employed; for speaking at one end of the wire will have no effect. It was next discovered that the vibrations of a metallic plate can be transmitted through the charged wire, and that the plate vibrated in unison with the human voice. Thus the idea of the telephone was complete.

Kinds of Reasoning. —There are two kinds of re; i soiling-, depending upon the manner in which the truth is arrived at.

Deductive Reasoning. —Deductive reasoning is the analytic method. It proceeds from the general to the particular. It begins with the law and arrives at the facts which prove the law. Thus the general truth or law that heat expands all metals is assumed and we infer that iron, a particular metal, is also expanded by heat. Putting in the form of a syllogism we have :

All metals are expanded by heat.

Iron is a metal.

Hence, iron is expanded by heat.

Inductive Reasoning. —Inductive reasoning is the process of deriving a general truth or law from partic-

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